Translate the following into Albanian:
Sir Leon Brittan and Martin Bengemann, whose responsibilities are respectively competition and the single market, argue that the Commission should risk courting unpopularity and push on with its legislative programmes. Other commissioners think that would be folly. Christine Scrivener, the taxation commissioner, has called for a legislative pause. Mr Delors, the President, now stresses the need for caution.
(The Economist 10 October 1992)
Text register in translation: A10.6
Translate the following into Albanian:
European Community
Decommissioned
From our Brussels Correspondent
The mood inside the European Commission has not been so glum for almost a decade. Since 1985, when Jacques Delors became its president, the Commission has enjoyed seven years of growing power and influence. Its proposals, including those that created the single-market programme, made it the motor driving the European Community. But the recent wave of hostility to interference from ‘Brussels’ has badly dented the Commission’s self-confidence. It is reluctant to make any proposal that could upset entrenched national interests, lest EC governments seek to trim its powers. The motor has all but stalled.
(The Economist 10 October 1992)
European Community
Decommissioned
From our Brussels Correspondent
The mood inside the European Commission has not been so glum for almost a decade. Since 1985, when Jacques Delors became its president, the Commission has enjoyed seven years of growing power and influence. Its proposals, including those that created the single-market programme, made it the motor driving the European Community. But the recent wave of hostility to interference from ‘Brussels’ has badly dented the Commission’s self-confidence. It is reluctant to make any proposal that could upset entrenched national interests, lest EC governments seek to trim its powers. The motor has all but stalled.
(The Economist 10 October 1992)
Text register in translation: A10.5
Translate the following into Albanian:
This was designed to give the idea of the Union some meaning. But it has proved to be one of the most controversial elements in some countries, since it means that ‘foreigners’ get the vote.
(Annotation by The Independent 11 October 1992)
This was designed to give the idea of the Union some meaning. But it has proved to be one of the most controversial elements in some countries, since it means that ‘foreigners’ get the vote.
(Annotation by The Independent 11 October 1992)
Text register in translation: A10.4
Translate the following into Albanian:
The treaty creates citizenship of the European Union. Everybody holding the nationality of a member state will be a citizen of the Union, with rights and duties conferred by the Treaty.
(Abridged by The Independent 11 October 1992)
The treaty creates citizenship of the European Union. Everybody holding the nationality of a member state will be a citizen of the Union, with rights and duties conferred by the Treaty.
(Abridged by The Independent 11 October 1992)
Text register in translation: A10.3
Translate the following into Albanian:
Citizenship of the Union
Article 8
Citizenship of the Union is hereby established. Every person holding the nationality of a Member State shall be a citizen of the Union.
Citizenship of the Union
Article 8
Citizenship of the Union is hereby established. Every person holding the nationality of a Member State shall be a citizen of the Union.
5.5 Discovering the kernels
The analysis phase begins with discovering the kernels. Mention the four semantic categories that are considered as kernels in a text? Take a sample sentence and identify the kernel words.
5.4 Context and Co-text
What is the context of a word? What is its co-text? Bring an example for each concept.
5.3 Polysemous words
When we talk about polysemous words, do we have in mind the formal correspondence, or the textual equivalence of the word?
5.2 Nida’s two types of meaning
The analysis phase involves examination of sentence structure and of two kinds of linguistic meaning: referential and connotative. Take one example and use your own words to illustrate these two concepts.
5.1 Analysis–Transfer–Restructuring Model of Translation
Take an example to illustrate the analysis–transfer–restructuring model of translation. Express the process in your own words.
3.4 Translate the following sentences. Identify the translation units you have used.
Travelling from Heathrow?
There are easy to follow instructions on the larger self-service touch screen ticket machines.
There are easy to follow instructions on the larger self-service touch screen ticket machines.
3.3 Look at the Albanian ST and the English TT. Identify the strategy and the units of translation that have been used with this text
Albanian version
Problemi i parë ka të bëjë me faktin se një precedent i tillë mund të përsëritet, gjë do të sillte rrëzimin e shumicës së jashtmi. Rasti i Tavos e ka përforcuar këtë dyshim. Aktet e këtyre dy deputetëve kanë shërbyer si nxitje për një valë thashethemesh për mundësinë e një trafiku në shkallë të gjerë, ku deputetë të dy formacioneve politike kryesore mund të joshen nëpërmjet aferave të dyshimta për të “tradhtuar” kampin nëpërmjet të cilit janë katapultuar në politikë dhe për të kaluar në kampin tjetër. Pavarësisht faktit që mundësia që diçka e tillë të ndodhë është shumë e vogël, gjithsesi ai është një problem real politik. Në këtë rast, për gjithë sistemin politik shqiptar ky do të ishte një problem më tepër se moral: ajo do të sillte në politikën shqiptare dukurinë Ribaltone, e cila ka ndikuar shumë në politikën italiane të pas Luftës së Parë Botërore duke bërë që qeverisja e Italisë të vendosej më shumë nga kulisat dhe pazaret politike sesa nga vota e popullit. Nga një dukuri e tillë politika italiane është shëruar vetëm pas triumfit të berluskonimit, në vitin 2001.
Atëherë forcat politike bënë ndryshimet e duhura dhe të vetëdijshme, për t’i dhënë fund kësaj dukurie bënë ndryshimet e duhura duke e çuar sistemin politik drejt një stabiliteti që ky vend nuk e kishte prej më se 50 vjetësh. Natyrisht, mundësia që kjo dukuri të shfaqet në politikën shqiptare varet shumë edhe nga mënyra e funksionimit të brendshëm politik të partive: partitë dhe grupet parlamentare duhet të kenë më tepër hapësirë politike për debatin e brendshëm, grupet apo nuancat politike duhet të ndjehen më të përfaqësuara, ndërkohë që deputetët duhet të kenë një vetëdije politike që i bën ata të jenë njëherësh kompetitivë brenda llojit, por edhe në raport me kampin kundërshtar. Kjo do të bënte që aktorët politikë të një force politike të ishin njëherësh edhe të lirë, edhe të organizuar politikisht, ekuilibër ky që ende nuk është gjetur në forcat politike shqiptare.
The first problem is related to the fact that this is a precedent that can reoccur, and that would bring about the fall of the ruling party, in the external aspect. Tavo's case has reinforced this suspicion. These two deputies' actions have given way to a wave of rumors about the possibility of a large-scale traffic, in which deputies of the two major political formations could be lured by dubious affairs to "betray" the campus that has served to catapult them into politics, and swear loyalty to the competition. Despite the fact that the probability for something like this to happen is very low, this makes a real political problem. In such a case, for the entire Albanian political system this would be more than a moral problem: it would bring into the Albanian politics the Ribaltone phenomenon, that had a great amount of influence on post-World War I Italian politics, causing the government to more controlled by the clans and the political bargaining, than by the people's vote. The Italian politics recovered from such a phenomenon only after the Berlusconi phenomenon triumphed in 2001.
That is when the political parties made necessary and deliberate changes to put an end to this phenomenon, bringing the entire political system toward a level of stabilization that this country had not seen since 50 years ago. It goes without saying that a great amount of the probability for this same phenomenon to appear in the Albanian politics depends on the functioning of the political system within the parties. The parties and the parliamentary groups should give more space to the internal political debate; the groupings or political nuances should be made to feel represented, while deputies should have a political conscience that will urge them to be competitive within their own kind, but at the same time ambitious in their opponents' campus. This would bring the political agents within a party to feel free, and at the same time politically organized, which would result in a kind of equilibrium that the Albanian political forces have not managed to find yet.
Problemi i parë ka të bëjë me faktin se një precedent i tillë mund të përsëritet, gjë do të sillte rrëzimin e shumicës së jashtmi. Rasti i Tavos e ka përforcuar këtë dyshim. Aktet e këtyre dy deputetëve kanë shërbyer si nxitje për një valë thashethemesh për mundësinë e një trafiku në shkallë të gjerë, ku deputetë të dy formacioneve politike kryesore mund të joshen nëpërmjet aferave të dyshimta për të “tradhtuar” kampin nëpërmjet të cilit janë katapultuar në politikë dhe për të kaluar në kampin tjetër. Pavarësisht faktit që mundësia që diçka e tillë të ndodhë është shumë e vogël, gjithsesi ai është një problem real politik. Në këtë rast, për gjithë sistemin politik shqiptar ky do të ishte një problem më tepër se moral: ajo do të sillte në politikën shqiptare dukurinë Ribaltone, e cila ka ndikuar shumë në politikën italiane të pas Luftës së Parë Botërore duke bërë që qeverisja e Italisë të vendosej më shumë nga kulisat dhe pazaret politike sesa nga vota e popullit. Nga një dukuri e tillë politika italiane është shëruar vetëm pas triumfit të berluskonimit, në vitin 2001.
Atëherë forcat politike bënë ndryshimet e duhura dhe të vetëdijshme, për t’i dhënë fund kësaj dukurie bënë ndryshimet e duhura duke e çuar sistemin politik drejt një stabiliteti që ky vend nuk e kishte prej më se 50 vjetësh. Natyrisht, mundësia që kjo dukuri të shfaqet në politikën shqiptare varet shumë edhe nga mënyra e funksionimit të brendshëm politik të partive: partitë dhe grupet parlamentare duhet të kenë më tepër hapësirë politike për debatin e brendshëm, grupet apo nuancat politike duhet të ndjehen më të përfaqësuara, ndërkohë që deputetët duhet të kenë një vetëdije politike që i bën ata të jenë njëherësh kompetitivë brenda llojit, por edhe në raport me kampin kundërshtar. Kjo do të bënte që aktorët politikë të një force politike të ishin njëherësh edhe të lirë, edhe të organizuar politikisht, ekuilibër ky që ende nuk është gjetur në forcat politike shqiptare.
English version
The first problem is related to the fact that this is a precedent that can reoccur, and that would bring about the fall of the ruling party, in the external aspect. Tavo's case has reinforced this suspicion. These two deputies' actions have given way to a wave of rumors about the possibility of a large-scale traffic, in which deputies of the two major political formations could be lured by dubious affairs to "betray" the campus that has served to catapult them into politics, and swear loyalty to the competition. Despite the fact that the probability for something like this to happen is very low, this makes a real political problem. In such a case, for the entire Albanian political system this would be more than a moral problem: it would bring into the Albanian politics the Ribaltone phenomenon, that had a great amount of influence on post-World War I Italian politics, causing the government to more controlled by the clans and the political bargaining, than by the people's vote. The Italian politics recovered from such a phenomenon only after the Berlusconi phenomenon triumphed in 2001.
That is when the political parties made necessary and deliberate changes to put an end to this phenomenon, bringing the entire political system toward a level of stabilization that this country had not seen since 50 years ago. It goes without saying that a great amount of the probability for this same phenomenon to appear in the Albanian politics depends on the functioning of the political system within the parties. The parties and the parliamentary groups should give more space to the internal political debate; the groupings or political nuances should be made to feel represented, while deputies should have a political conscience that will urge them to be competitive within their own kind, but at the same time ambitious in their opponents' campus. This would bring the political agents within a party to feel free, and at the same time politically organized, which would result in a kind of equilibrium that the Albanian political forces have not managed to find yet.
2.2 Do you think it is best to translate word for word, or thought for thought?
Consider both sides of the matter. Do not forget that there are cases in which specific techniques are needed that would not have been normally used with general texts.
2.1 List the kinds of translation strategies that vary between focusing on form and focusing on content
Translator's strategies are related to the dichotomy between sense/content on the one hand, and form/style on the other.
Definitions of dichotomy on the Web:
Definitions of dichotomy on the Web:
- being twofold; a classification into two opposed parts or subclasses; "the dichotomy between eastern and western culture" wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
- A dichotomy is any splitting of a whole into exactly two non-overlapping parts. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dichotomy
- A cutting in two; a division; Division or distribution of genera into two species; division into two subordinate parts; The phase of the moon in which it appears bisected, or shows only half its disk, as at the quadratures; Successive division and subdivision, as of a stem of a plant or a vein ... en.wiktionary.org/wiki/dichotomy
- division of material into two parts for the purpose of classification. —dichotomist , n. www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-2505200094.html
- A split by which a person experiences or sees opposing forces a polarity (weak/strong, dependent/independent). www.socialpolicy.ca/d.htm
1.6 Describe the map of disciplines interfacing with Translation Studies
Translation has been defined as a perfect interdiscipline, interfacing with an entire host of other fields. Describe the map of disciplines interfacing with Translation Studies. If possible, add other fields you can think of, that are specifically related to your English Language program at University of Vlora.
1.5 Take an example to illustrate the ambit of translation
The ambit of translation has been defined as the cooperation among the process, the product, and the context in which the ST has been written. Take an example to illustrate the ambit of translation.
1.4 Define interlingual, intralingual and intersemiotic translation
Define interlingual, intralingual and intersemiotic translation.
1.3 How can translation be further classified, according to the type of product?
How can translation be further classified, according to the type of product?
1.2 How can translation be further classified, according to the kind of process?
How can translation be further classified, according to the kind of process?
1.1 Define what translation is as a proces and as a product
- Define what translation is as a proces and as a product.
Welcome
Welcome to the ENG 376 Translation, Fall 2010 course blog.
Please feel free to express your impressions, views and opinions based on what we have been discussing during class.
The Blog is open to all who wish to participate in a respectful exchange of thoughts, ideas, positions, proposals, and anything else that comes up as long as the subject is about Translation Studies.
Nevertheless, I must ask the authors to identify themselves at all times.
I hope you enjoy this education experience.
E. Prifti, Lecturer
Please feel free to express your impressions, views and opinions based on what we have been discussing during class.
The Blog is open to all who wish to participate in a respectful exchange of thoughts, ideas, positions, proposals, and anything else that comes up as long as the subject is about Translation Studies.
Nevertheless, I must ask the authors to identify themselves at all times.
I hope you enjoy this education experience.
E. Prifti, Lecturer
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